In column-oriented, or columnar, storage, each data block stores values of a single column for multiple rows. In row-oriented data storage, data blocks store values sequentially for each consecutive column making up the entire row. This process occurs before the transaction completes, which helps to boost data consistency and integrity. Synchronous replication commits changes from the primary database system to secondary databases. Asynchronous replication logs changes from primary databases to replica databases. PostgreSQL uses both asynchronous and synchronous replication. MariaDB also allows multiple primary databases to replicate to a singular replica database, helping to improve data consolidation. After changes occur, the primary database system asynchronously logs changes to the replica databases. It maintains data copies on primary and secondary databases. MariaDB supports asynchronous replication using the MariaDB replication protocol. Beyond those, it also provides partial indexes and supports mutual inclusive indexing, so you can use multiple indexes simultaneously. PostgreSQL offers more extensive indexing options such as B-tree, Generalized Search Tree (GiST), space-partitioned GiST (Sp-GiST), Block Range Index (BRIN), Generalized Inverted Index (GIN), and hash indexes. It has four main indexes: primary keys, unique indexes, plain indexes, and full-text indexes. However, it does support B-tree indexing by default. Indexing and partial indexesĭue to MariaDB’s columnar storage and concurrent processing, it can query a large volume or rows without needing indexes. PostgreSQL also supports Universally Unique Identifiers (UUIDs), JSON, and JSONB for unstructured data. The PostgreSQL database also offers an extensive selection of data types, including floating-point numbers, integers, strings, dates, arrays, and Booleans. Alongside this, MariaDB supports ENUM, SET, and spatial data, as well as a LONGTEXT column that helps to store unstructured data. MariaDB provides an extensive range of data types, including integers, floats, strings, and dates. These additional features increase the ability of these systems to make complex queries.Īlthough MariaDB and PostgreSQL have some similarities, they also have several key differences that set them apart. You can create views of smaller data subsets that you can take from multiple tables. They both support advanced SQL features like window functions and common table expressions. Across both of these systems, you could use most of the same SQL commands and achieve the same outcome. Language and syntaxĪs relational database management systems, MariaDB and PostgreSQL use SQL as their standard language. For instance, you can use them to enforce data integrity depending on specific events in the storage environment. You can also use stored procedures and triggers to run set actions when you meet certain conditions. You can use these user-defined functions (UDFs) to perform specialized operations. For example, developers can use both systems to create custom functions in various programming languages. MariaDB and PostgreSQL have several mechanisms to extend their functionality. Both MariaDB and PostgreSQL use indexing to support query performance, so you can rapidly query in an optimized way. Each offers robust data modeling and relationship construction between different information tables. They both support primary and foreign keys and a range of data types and formats. MariaDB and PostgreSQL are relational database systems that store data in a tabular format as rows and columns. Here are some specific similarities between the two. Both MariaDB and PostgreSQL are mature, open-source database systems that offer high availability, concurrency, and consistency in data storage.
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